Structure and Dynamics in Infectious Diseases and Immunology
Virus Structure and Dynamics
Our lab studies enveloped virus entry and assembly, with a focus on the remarkable protein machinery that targets a virus to a host cell and drives fusion of virus and cell membranes leading to genome delivery.
To understand how dynamic processes like membrane fusion and cell entry are carried out, we focus on imaging the entire virus instead of isolated components as has often been done in the past. This enables us to visualize and monitor the fusion proteins in their biological contexts on virus particles where membranes and matrix proteins that modulate fusion protein function are present and where the proteins can interact with host receptors and target membranes.
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In addition, to go beyond structure and start understanding function, we also need to add the dimension of time by examining protein and membrane dynamics. Structure may tell us about the anatomy of a protein or a virus, but dynamic transitions and conformational change tell us about its physiology, how it moves and works as a machine.
Tracking, capturing, and imaging dynamic processes require techniques that can probe conformational fluctuations and structure under native conditions. We use cryo-EM, cryo-electron tomography, structural mass spectrometry, fluorescence microscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy to probe and dissect the changes viruses and pathogens undergo during invasion of cells.
